Underground engineering waterproofing is a concealed project, and it is not easy to find hidden dangers, so it needs to be highly valued. In the past few years, the reduction in the amount of laminated waterproofing system has made the single-layer waterproofing membrane stronger. Single layer materials for underground waterproofing can be classified into elastomeric materials and thermoplastic materials. Thermoplastic materials come in three different compositions: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE), while the most prominent single-layer waterproofing material is butyl rubber and specially formulated. The PVC coil is described in detail below.
Butyl rubber is a synthetic rubber called polyisobutylene that is best suited for underground and concealed waterproofing. As a waterproof material, butyl rubber is superior to other synthetic rubbers in that it has only 1% to 2% water absorption. The water absorption rate of the widely used EPDM is 4%. In addition, butyl rubber has an extremely excellent airtightness of only 0.025 perm and an EPDM of 0.05 perm. In addition to UV resistance in other properties. These two materials are roughly equivalent. Although EPDM has better UV resistance. But this performance is not needed in underground waterproofing projects. Butyl rubber has a very good resistance to bacteria, mold and soil compounds, which are often encountered in underground waterproofing projects.
The thickness of the butyl rubber coil used in underground and concealed waterproofing works is 1.5-3.0 mm. Butyl rubber is suitable for all three types of waterproofing: boards placed on the structure, boards placed on the ground and foundation walls. The construction method is mainly full adhesion. However, it is also possible to use the loose-lay method for the board placed on the structure and the board placed on the ground. The surface is required to be smooth and smooth when applied to the concrete base. When working on a horizontal surface, the coil is spread out to relax, and then laid on the base layer coated with the adhesive approved by the manufacturer. The binder should meet the manufacturer's latest technical requirements. All seams require a 1.5mm thick cover tape. When the butyl rubber coil is applied to the board placed on the ground, the loosening method can be used to open the web to make it loose, and then to cover the joint at the joint. A protective sheet is placed on the coil to prevent the coil from being punctured. The protective sheet used is approved by the manufacturer. When the butyl rubber coil is used on a vertical surface, it should be applied by the full adhesion method.
PVC coils for underground and concealed waterproofing are between 1.5 and 3.0 mm thick. The PVC coil used for roofing differs in thickness (1.1 to 1.5 mm) and chemical composition. The PVC coil for roofing adds a plasticizer as a stabilizer for ultraviolet rays. Underground waterproofing is not added. However, fillers are added to improve the performance of mold, alkali and other soil compounds. Compared to other thermoplastic materials, PVC has the distinct advantage of being important for waterproofing. Its permeability and water absorption are among the lowest of all thermoplastics. The water absorption is only 2%, while chlorosulfonated polyethylene and other thermoplastic materials are much higher. PVC coils are usually reinforced with non-woven fiberglass fabric. The tensile strength and puncture resistance of the coil are greatly improved. Another major advantage is that the strength of the hot weld can be comparable to the strength of the material itself.
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