DC motors have fast response, large starting torque, and can provide rated torque from zero speed to rated speed. However, the advantages of DC motors are also its shortcomings, because DC motors must produce constant rotation under rated load. For the performance of the moment, the armature magnetic field and the rotor magnetic field must be maintained at 90°, which is achieved by the carbon brush and the commutator. Carbon brushes and commutators generate sparks and toner when the motor rotates. In addition to damage to the components, the use is also limited. AC motors do not have carbon brushes and commutators. They are maintenance-free, rugged, and widely used. However, to achieve the equivalent performance of DC motors, complex control technology can be used. Today's semiconductors are developing rapidly and the power component switching frequency is much faster, improving the performance of the drive motor. The speed of the microprocessor is also faster and faster, and the AC motor control can be placed in a rotating two-axis orthogonal coordinate system, and the AC motor's current component in two axes can be properly controlled to achieve DC motor control and equivalent to DC motor. performance.
In addition, many microprocessors have the functions necessary to control the motor in the chip, and the volume is getting smaller and smaller; like analog-to-digital converter (adc), pulse width modulation (pulse wide modulation, Pwm)...etc. The DC brushless motor is an electronically controlled AC motor commutation, which has an application similar to the DC motor characteristics and lacks the DC motor mechanism.
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