On September 3, the press conference on the evaluation of automotive life cycle emissions was held in Beijing. At the results conference, the group standard for the “Evaluation Method of Automotive Life Cycle Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutants Emissions†and the “Car Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollutant Emissions Evaluation Report 2018†based on this evaluation standard were officially released.
At the end of 2017, the reporter interviewed a number of industry experts to discuss whether the electric car is really environmentally friendly. Of course, in the use of vehicles, the zero emissions of electric vehicles are uncontroversial. The industry is more concerned about the emission of greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants from power generation in China. Can electric cars also be more environmentally friendly and more energy efficient? If you add the battery production process, will the comparison between the two change? To truly realize the level of environmental protection and energy conservation of electric vehicles and traditional fuel vehicles, it must be considered from the perspective of the whole life cycle.
"The emission problem of the entire life cycle of electric vehicles is a subject being studied all over the world." Wang Binggang, director of the Technical Expert Committee of the Technical Innovation Alliance of the electric vehicle industry, admits that although the domestic research in this area started late, the release The evaluation method is the first group standard in the true sense of the world, and defines the terminology and evaluation method framework for the evaluation method of greenhouse gas and atmospheric pollutants in the life cycle of automobiles.
According to reports, the standard comprehensively considers four air pollutants (PM2.5), nitrogen oxides (NOX), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and sulfur dioxide (SO2); defines the vehicle life cycle including the vehicle fuel cycle. And the automotive material cycle, where the automotive fuel cycle includes the two phases of the vehicle fuel cycle upstream (WTP) and the automotive fuel cycle operation phase (PTW).
System boundary
Using this standard, the Automotive Life Cycle Greenhouse Gases and Atmospheric Pollutant Emissions Assessment Report 2018 is published in the automotive fuel cycle (including fuel extraction, transportation, production, and distribution, including vehicle operation), electric vehicles and traditions. Comparison of emissions of greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants from fuel vehicles.
Calculation formula
1. The emission reduction effect of pure electric passenger vehicles is remarkable.
From the overall fleet level, pure electric passenger vehicles have shown a certain degree of greenhouse gas emission reduction efficiency compared with gasoline passenger vehicles (a reduction ratio of about 35%), compared with gasoline passenger cars, all levels of pure The electric vehicle emissions of electric passenger cars are lower than their corresponding levels of petrol passenger cars.
2. The energy saving and emission reduction effect of small cars is better.
Continuously promoting the miniaturization of vehicles is of great significance to the overall energy conservation and emission reduction of the automobile industry. Whether it is a petrol passenger car or a pure electric passenger car, the longitudinal comparison results of typical models of different grades show that the greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutant emissions of the small passenger car fuel cycle are lower than that of medium and large passenger cars.
3. Pure electric passenger cars are more conducive to the reduction and control of air pollutant emissions.
From the average level of the fleet and the analysis of atmospheric pollutant emissions from typical models, compared with gasoline passenger vehicles, the VOCs and NOX emission reduction trends of all types of pure electric passenger vehicles are obvious; some pure electric passenger vehicles have a PM2. 5 and SO2 emissions may increase slightly, but with the application of more energy-saving technologies, the energy consumption of pure electric passenger vehicles will be further reduced, resulting in a reduction in PM2.5 and SO2. In fact, when the energy consumption of pure electric passenger cars is below a certain level, the PM2.5 and SO2 emissions will be lower than the same level of gasoline passenger cars. “After market research, we found that products that can meet this energy consumption condition have appeared in the market,†said Zheng Yali, project director of the Technical Standards Department of the China Automotive Engineering Society.
It is worth mentioning that Wu Hao, a member of the China Automotive Life Cycle Emissions Evaluation Research Working Group and a professor at the Environmental College of Tsinghua University, pointed out that since the emission of air pollutants from pure electric vehicles is mainly generated in the upstream stage of the fuel cycle of automobiles, The emission of gasoline passenger cars during the movement process is obviously easier to carry out centralized control.
4. The development of pure electric vehicles will help improve urban air quality.
From the impact on current air quality, VOCs and NOX are important precursors of urban PM2.5 and ozone. Compared with gasoline passenger cars, pure electric passenger cars can effectively reduce VOCs and NOX emissions; With the application of clean and efficient industrial dust removal and desulfurization technologies, electric vehicles will also bring about a reduction in PM2.5 and SO2 emissions.
At present, new energy vehicles are experiencing rapid expansion in China. In order to evaluate the energy conservation and emission reduction effects of new energy vehicles more scientifically and fairly, it is imperative to establish a scientific and unified vehicle life cycle emission assessment method. Based on this, in early 2018, the China Automotive Engineering Society organized the industry to form a draft group for the evaluation of automotive life cycle emission standards and a research team for the evaluation of automotive life cycle emissions. The working group experts covered automotive, environmental protection, materials, power, petrochemical, coal, etc. Domestic authorities, research institutions, universities and business representatives.
After the results are released, the research team will continue to work on the following five aspects:
(1) Research on the evaluation of automobile material cycle emission; (2) Research on vehicle life cycle emission evaluation in key regions of the country; (3) Comparative study on emissions of two types of vehicles in key areas such as rental, public transportation, logistics, and shared travel; (4) Research on vehicle life cycle emission assessment of energy-saving and new energy vehicles such as natural gas vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles; (5) Study on the impact of new energy vehicle promotion on urban air quality (especially PM2.5 concentration) and population health in densely populated areas Waiting for work.
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