Path following
Regardless of whether the cutting path is a straight line, an arc or a spline, keeping the bevel torch perpendicular to any point on the cutting path is called path following, which is the basic guarantee for correct bevel cutting. Many CNCs can do this. However, in the real groove cutting practice, this basic path following function is not enough. In practice, there must be a more "smart" path following function.
(1) Path following on the corner Unlike vertical cutting, the groove cutting is generally impossible to directly turn over at the corner. There must be a circular arc or a looping as a transition. Winding is the most common and most reliable means of ensuring corner quality. In order to ensure that the machine does not catalyze flying around the corner of the circle, the cutting arc/flame is not lost, and the steel plate can ensure the cut-through, the path following must be “reverse-following†or “in-place following†on the winding to alleviate The magnitude of the mutation in the path following. The schematic diagram of "reverse follow" or "in situ follow" around the corner of the circle is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
(2) The path following the lead-in line is not smoothly transitioned with the cutting path, so that the path following on the first cutting segment after the lead-in is not immediately in place, but gradually turns into place, which causes abnormality. And the incorrect gradient cuts the groove angle. There are several programs that can solve this problem. The above-mentioned "in-place follow-up" is one of them. However, the best practice is to automatically align the groove attitude with the next cutting path after the end of the lead-in line to ensure that the first section of the cutting path is completely followed by the groove after the lead-in. The movement of this solution is smoother and the mechanical impact is significantly reduced. Figure 3 shows the implementation of this scheme.
(3) The G0 fast positioning line segment between the cuttings is often not smoothly connected with the cutting path or even sharply angled, which is likely to cause a sharp and rapid rotation of the bevel head. In practice, it is hoped that after the end of G0, the groove attitude is automatically aligned with the next cutting path, which effectively utilizes the G0 positioning movement while performing the following attitude adjustment, and also ensures that the subsequent cutting path is completely followed by the groove (as shown in the figure). 4)).
2. Dynamic cutting process adjustment
As shown in Fig. 5, as the groove angle changes during the cutting process, the arc pressure value, the slit width, the cutting speed, and the kerf deflection for the height control are changed. Adjusting these parameters immediately when the groove angle changes can achieve satisfactory cutting surface quality and dimensional accuracy. The ideal implementation scheme is to preset a process parameter table or a database in the numerical control. The parameter table can dynamically provide parameters to the numerical control according to the current groove angle during the running of the program, and can be controlled by the numerical control in real time, and the user can manually correct these by experience. parameter.
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