[Global Times comprehensive report] On the 28th, some media reports said that in China, Hunan, Sichuan and other places, a large number of imported genetically modified vegetable oil, mixed with domestic non-transgenic rapeseed oil, flows into the people's table. This broke the news once again put the topic of GM food safety on the cusp. With the rapid growth of the global population, the area of ​​cultivated land has continued to decrease, and the food issue has become a very thorny issue for many countries in the world. High-yield, high-quality GM crops have emerged and have been rapidly developed. However, since the birth of the world’s first transgenic plant (tobacco) in 1983, genetically modified foods have been accompanied by various questions.
Frankenstein came
Transgenic crops are genetically engineered to alter the DNA in plant seeds and then transfer these modified recombined genes to the seeds of other plants to obtain plant species that cannot grow in nature automatically. Foods that are processed or produced by using genetically modified organisms as direct food or raw materials are genetically modified foods.
In 1983, the world’s first transgenic plant, a tobacco containing antibiotic drug antibodies, was successfully cultivated in the United States. At that time someone was amazed: "Humanity has a pair of 'God's hands' that create new creatures." Since the 1980s, the technology has gradually evolved to improve the quality of plant and animal foods. In the 1990s, mankind ushered in the era of commercialization of genetically modified foods. In 1994, the first genetically modified product, fresh tomatoes, was licensed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration and listed in the United States. The tomato has long-term preservation without softening, long shelf life and other characteristics, has won the favor of consumers.
Since then, as of 2009, the types of GM foods in the United States have increased rapidly. According to data released by the U.S. government, more than 75% of processed foods in the U.S. market contain genetically modified components, and more than 90% of soybeans and more than 80% of corn and wheat are genetically modified. product. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the world’s first transgenic animal product, the transgenic goat, in early 2009. Compared with ordinary plants and animals, transgenic plants and animals have obvious advantages: high quality, high yield, insect resistance, and anti-virus, etc., and thus they have been widely used throughout the world.
However, since the birth of genetically modified foods, there have been various questions. In 1989, Showa Denko Japan used genetic engineering to improve the production of tryptophan by microorganisms (a human essential amino acid, which was sold as a nutrient in the market). After the listing, 37 people were killed and 1,500 were disabled. In society It caused a strong response. In addition, the authoritative scientific magazine Nature in the UK published a study by Cornell University professor John Rossi and others. After they sprinkled transgenic corn pollen on the leaves of M. edulis, they caused a kind of butterfly to anorexia. Plant leaves, and stunted, the hatching larvae had a lesion rate as high as 44%, whereas the control group grew normally.
A series of incidents led people to strongly question the safety of genetically modified foods, leading some countries to adopt a boycott policy on genetically modified foods. Europeans even shouted human Frankenstein. Frankenstein is the hero of the British author Mary Shelley's novel in 1818. He engaged in physiology research and was eventually destroyed by the monsters he created. Now Europeans refer to genetically modified foods as "Frankenstein foods," which means that transgenic plants will cause ecological disasters and threaten human survival.
In 2002, the area of ​​drought in southern Africa was extensive, and the United States promised to feed about 500,000 tons of grain, of which 100,000 tons had already arrived. However, since the U.S.-aided corn was not marked as non-GM corn, these grains were refused entry. In 2003, the Indian government refused to import 1,000 tons of U.S. soybean and corn mixture because it may contain genetically modified food that poses a threat to human health, and it has not been fully tested.
The political push behind genetic modification
However, the questioning voice was soon broken by a more bizarre "storyline." For example, in August 1998, Dr. Arpad Puzzi, a protein biochemist at the Roveyt Institute in the United Kingdom, demonstrated through experimentation that mice fed with genetically modified potatoes suffered severe damage to the immune system and affected their growth and development. However, two days later, the Lovat Institute recovered the results of Dr. Pozitt's research. A senior official of the research institution subsequently claimed that Putzita admitted that he did not truthfully introduce his findings. These mice were fed genetically modified potatoes instead of genetically modified potatoes. They were ordinary potatoes with some kind of protein added. They may contain extra genes. They also said that these were preliminary research results and were not reviewed by peers. Dr. Poztay refuted these allegations.
However, the British government’s stance has repeatedly put on a confusing impression that the Blair government had already decided to follow GM technology at full speed. Blair made every effort to support improved foods. He personally expressed his willingness to eat these foods. At the time, Jack Cunningham, the official responsible for the British government’s genetic strategy, declared that Dr. Puzzi’s “completely discredited†genetically modified foods.
However, Putzhai’s remarks ultimately affected the public’s orientation and the public refused to eat genetically modified foods. Prior to the "Putztai Controversy," 60% of processed foods on the shelf of British supermarkets contained genetically modified raw materials. After the dispute broke out, under the protests of consumers, sellers had to withdraw GM products from supermarket shelves.
The U.S. government’s push for Monsanto’s development of genetically modified foods has added a new footnote to the political push of genetically modified foods. In 1988, after Bush was elected president, he decided to open a green light for Monsanto and other major genetically modified companies. Vice President Dan Quill announced the new Bush administration’s new policy on bio-engineered foods on May 26, 1992. He publicly stated: “The supervision of biotech products will be the same as other products, and there is no need for special controls. â€
Although some scientists questioned transgenes, the old Bush administration believed that the application prospects of genetically modified foods far exceeded their possible shortcomings and ruled that all genetically modified plants and foods were “essentially the same†as traditional plants of the same species. It is from the initials of Monsanto and other transgenic agricultural enterprises. Under these circumstances, GM foods have entered the U.S. market.
The first type of genetically modified food that enters the market in large quantities is milk containing the artificial growth hormone rBGH. This genetically modified technology is a patent of Monsanto. Monsanto said that if regular injections of rBGH hormones are given to dairy cows, the milk production of dairy cows will increase by 30%. This data is absolutely attractive to farmers in trouble. In 1994, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the sale of rBGH milk on the market. In line with the principle of “essentially the sameâ€, this milk has not been tagged with genetically modified genes.
Argentina was genetically "conquered"
The future development of GM foods will continue to be debated. However, the developed countries behind the genetically modified countries are plundering the technological hegemony and hidden wealth of the developing countries. However, the people need to pay attention in any case. Argentina has been exemplified by the "conquest" of American genetic modification.
In South America, Argentina’s agriculture was a successful example. It not only achieved self-sufficiency, it even had a large surplus, and the government did not need any subsidy for agriculture. However, by the 1970s, the world's oil prices soared. The international bank, headed by the Rockefeller family's Chase Manhattan Bank, sponsored loans to Argentina on attractive terms. These loans mainly provide funds for importing much-needed oil. On the surface, as long as interest rates remain low, these loans can be fully repaid through the country’s income. As a result, Argentina’s dollar debt climbed sharply. However, in October 1979, the Federal Reserve suddenly increased the interest rate by about 300% to prevent the dollar from collapsing, and Argentina fell into debt traps.
In the mid-1990s, the government of Menem, Argentina, claimed that the transformation of grain production into a working crop of genetic crops was necessary to repay soaring foreign debt. In 1996, Menem issued a license to Monsanto to allow it to exclusively sell genetically modified soybean seeds throughout the country. Since Monsanto was in possession of this GM soya bean seed and Roundup (a pesticide) patent at the time, according to the law, farmers had to use Monsanto's Farma instead of cheap, common pesticides. Similarly, Monsanto used bribes to get its crops certified and obtained regulatory approval.
In the following 10 years, genetically modified soybeans almost destroyed Argentina’s agricultural economy. A ridge and furrow cornfield, wheat fields, and a vast range of pastures were rapidly transformed into areas where single crops were grown. The traditional grains, lentils, peas and green peas fields almost disappeared. By 2002, Monsanto's genetically modified soybeans had occupied 99% of Argentine soybean acreage. Not only that, the traditional agricultural areas near the soybean plantations were severely damaged by the herbicides sprayed from the aircraft. This spraying not only killed the crops of nearby farmers, but also damaged other livestock, especially horses. Because of the large-scale possession of the forest area for planting genetically modified soybeans, the forest has been greatly damaged and it has caused diseases such as kala-azar (a parasitic disease transmitted by insects). The malnutrition previously unheard of in Argentina had risen to 11%-17% of the total population by 2003.
In 2008, the French director used Argentina as an example to shoot the documentary "Monsanto's World in the Eyes" to try to reveal the true face of Monsanto, which has mastered 90% of the world's genetically modified crop seed technology. It was too late for the Argentines to realize this. The GM soybeans have spread throughout Argentina and they all rely on Monsanto herbicides. (Golden point strong)
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