It has been more than a decade since the development of the panoramic camera, but the real promotion has only started in the past two years. Because of its high price, complicated image processing technology, and low resolution after image correction, the panoramic camera did not enter the public's life like any other ordinary camera, but was mainly located in the professional application market. Scene environment or where vertical installation is easy.
Four characteristics of the panoramic camera
To analyze the panoramic camera from the technical side of the product, there are four key points:
1, the quality of the lens will greatly affect the quality of surveillance images; good lens can reach high-definition, megapixels, and the higher the frame rate (animation transmission speed per second), the more you can see the movement of the monitoring target Process and detail actions.
2. A good panoramic camera must have a high-resolution image sensor. Due to the wide monitoring range of the panoramic camera, the information volume of the image sensor must be very large. Unlike the general camera, it only needs to process a part of the screen in the monitoring scene. Therefore, whether the resolution of the image sensor is high or low is also the key to affecting the image clarity after the monitoring image is enlarged.
3, the use of fish-eye panoramic camera, its imaging principle is not the same as ordinary cameras, image edges tend to form a convex, deformation of the picture, so it is easier than the ordinary camera image distortion or distortion, affecting the image quality. Therefore, how to correct and restore images and see the monitoring objects in the images is the most important problem of the panoramic camera.
Theoretically, there are two ways to correct the problem of fisheye lens imaging distortion. One is to process the information by the backend platform and restore the imaging; the other is to directly correct in the camera's built-in software and then transmit it to the monitoring backend. . In general, it is recommended to use the latter to solve the problem of fisheye lens distortion, which can relieve the pressure of network transmission broadband and backend storage and improve the efficiency of monitoring operations.
4. The virtual PTZ can be used to zoom in and zoom out details of the stored image. In the field of security monitoring, PTZ controls the pan/tilt/left/right rotation and the lens change focus. It is used to automatically or manually track and lock the target, tracking the target along the way in the monitoring range. The virtual PTZ used by the panoramic camera has a similar concept to that of the pan-tilt, except that the actual mechanized rotation does not have to be performed like a real pan-tilt, but rather the similar effect is achieved by zooming the image, thereby greatly increasing the monitoring system. The service life makes it easier for the monitoring personnel to operate and reduce maintenance costs.
The development trend of panoramic camera
At present, the awareness of the market for panoramic cameras is not very high, and more manufacturers are advocating and guiding work. Its industry circles have not had much controversy or doubt about the technology of the panoramic camera, and personally believe that there is no need for too much debate on the definition of the panoramic camera. The key is to see whether the product can meet the needs of customers and whether to solve users. Specific issues.
Multi-technology integration is the main direction for the development of future panoramic cameras:
VMS support
The image processing of the panoramic camera requires the support of VMS (video management software), but since the current fisheye expansion algorithm is proprietary to the manufacturer, the VMS support range is very limited. How to implement the fish-eye unfolding algorithm to realize sharing and realize the unified standard interface is the direction that future equipment manufacturers and integrators need to work together.
Resolution
A great advantage of panoramic cameras over ordinary cameras lies in their large monitoring range. However, considering the resolution density, cameras with the same pixels will cause pixel dispersion and degradation when monitoring a larger area. This is due to the large scope of monitoring. When sharing the same size of an imaging chip with a conventional surveillance lens, it requires receiving multiple times of image information, which results in a decrease in the resolution of the screen. Therefore, only the quality of the monitoring image is not required. High or when using high resolution imaging devices. This explains why the picture quality of a 3 megapixel panoramic camera looks like CIF resolution. So for the panoramic camera, improving the screen resolution is an important research topic in the future.
Low illumination
Most of the panoramic cameras do not have ICR (Mechanical Infrared Filters), which makes their low-light effects difficult to satisfy. Because in the future development will pay more attention to the night-time effect of the panoramic camera, such as the use of ICR + infrared fill light or enhance the sensor's photographic performance to enhance the low-light effect.
Wide dynamic
Taking a fish-eye camera as an example, a fisheye lens with a 360-degree view angle is used to monitor the entire scene. Such a wide range of monitoring will inevitably lead to difficulty in handling the white balance and exposure of the panoramic camera. Because of this, it limits the application of panoramic cameras indoors. Resolving the wide dynamic effect of the panoramic camera can promote the application of the panoramic camera in the indoor environment in the future.
intelligent
How to liberate the manpower security of security is the development direction of intelligent analysis. In particular, the realization of intelligent analysis under the condition of no dead angle monitoring of the panoramic camera will definitely bring about better security applications.
More and more customers will demand “see more and see more clearlyâ€, so the panoramic camera must have a large market. To this end, Hikvision has also made a large amount of investment dedicated to the development of panoramic cameras, and has now launched a full range of products, including high-megapixel CCD, CMOS, 5-megapixel CCD, CMOS and other series of panoramic cameras, and 2 million-pixel fish-eye and 5 million-pixel fish-eye camera can meet customer requirements for different application scenarios and different price requirements.
Four characteristics of the panoramic camera
To analyze the panoramic camera from the technical side of the product, there are four key points:
1, the quality of the lens will greatly affect the quality of surveillance images; good lens can reach high-definition, megapixels, and the higher the frame rate (animation transmission speed per second), the more you can see the movement of the monitoring target Process and detail actions.
2. A good panoramic camera must have a high-resolution image sensor. Due to the wide monitoring range of the panoramic camera, the information volume of the image sensor must be very large. Unlike the general camera, it only needs to process a part of the screen in the monitoring scene. Therefore, whether the resolution of the image sensor is high or low is also the key to affecting the image clarity after the monitoring image is enlarged.
3, the use of fish-eye panoramic camera, its imaging principle is not the same as ordinary cameras, image edges tend to form a convex, deformation of the picture, so it is easier than the ordinary camera image distortion or distortion, affecting the image quality. Therefore, how to correct and restore images and see the monitoring objects in the images is the most important problem of the panoramic camera.
Theoretically, there are two ways to correct the problem of fisheye lens imaging distortion. One is to process the information by the backend platform and restore the imaging; the other is to directly correct in the camera's built-in software and then transmit it to the monitoring backend. . In general, it is recommended to use the latter to solve the problem of fisheye lens distortion, which can relieve the pressure of network transmission broadband and backend storage and improve the efficiency of monitoring operations.
4. The virtual PTZ can be used to zoom in and zoom out details of the stored image. In the field of security monitoring, PTZ controls the pan/tilt/left/right rotation and the lens change focus. It is used to automatically or manually track and lock the target, tracking the target along the way in the monitoring range. The virtual PTZ used by the panoramic camera has a similar concept to that of the pan-tilt, except that the actual mechanized rotation does not have to be performed like a real pan-tilt, but rather the similar effect is achieved by zooming the image, thereby greatly increasing the monitoring system. The service life makes it easier for the monitoring personnel to operate and reduce maintenance costs.
The development trend of panoramic camera
At present, the awareness of the market for panoramic cameras is not very high, and more manufacturers are advocating and guiding work. Its industry circles have not had much controversy or doubt about the technology of the panoramic camera, and personally believe that there is no need for too much debate on the definition of the panoramic camera. The key is to see whether the product can meet the needs of customers and whether to solve users. Specific issues.
Multi-technology integration is the main direction for the development of future panoramic cameras:
VMS support
The image processing of the panoramic camera requires the support of VMS (video management software), but since the current fisheye expansion algorithm is proprietary to the manufacturer, the VMS support range is very limited. How to implement the fish-eye unfolding algorithm to realize sharing and realize the unified standard interface is the direction that future equipment manufacturers and integrators need to work together.
Resolution
A great advantage of panoramic cameras over ordinary cameras lies in their large monitoring range. However, considering the resolution density, cameras with the same pixels will cause pixel dispersion and degradation when monitoring a larger area. This is due to the large scope of monitoring. When sharing the same size of an imaging chip with a conventional surveillance lens, it requires receiving multiple times of image information, which results in a decrease in the resolution of the screen. Therefore, only the quality of the monitoring image is not required. High or when using high resolution imaging devices. This explains why the picture quality of a 3 megapixel panoramic camera looks like CIF resolution. So for the panoramic camera, improving the screen resolution is an important research topic in the future.
Low illumination
Most of the panoramic cameras do not have ICR (Mechanical Infrared Filters), which makes their low-light effects difficult to satisfy. Because in the future development will pay more attention to the night-time effect of the panoramic camera, such as the use of ICR + infrared fill light or enhance the sensor's photographic performance to enhance the low-light effect.
Wide dynamic
Taking a fish-eye camera as an example, a fisheye lens with a 360-degree view angle is used to monitor the entire scene. Such a wide range of monitoring will inevitably lead to difficulty in handling the white balance and exposure of the panoramic camera. Because of this, it limits the application of panoramic cameras indoors. Resolving the wide dynamic effect of the panoramic camera can promote the application of the panoramic camera in the indoor environment in the future.
intelligent
How to liberate the manpower security of security is the development direction of intelligent analysis. In particular, the realization of intelligent analysis under the condition of no dead angle monitoring of the panoramic camera will definitely bring about better security applications.
More and more customers will demand “see more and see more clearlyâ€, so the panoramic camera must have a large market. To this end, Hikvision has also made a large amount of investment dedicated to the development of panoramic cameras, and has now launched a full range of products, including high-megapixel CCD, CMOS, 5-megapixel CCD, CMOS and other series of panoramic cameras, and 2 million-pixel fish-eye and 5 million-pixel fish-eye camera can meet customer requirements for different application scenarios and different price requirements.
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It has the advantages of a peristaltic pump, and a single tube is used alone
without cross-contamination; a wide flow range, reversible forward and reverse operation.Replaceable
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sampling, sampling of gas samples, high-viscosity liquids, suspended liquid containing tiny particles, etc. It is
especially suitable for field operations.
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