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In order to cope with the energy crisis and climate warming, the development of renewable energy has become the consensus of all countries in the world. Photovoltaic power generation technology is currently one of the most promising solar energy utilization methods. In the world, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation has been accelerated year by year. Photovoltaic power generation does not generate greenhouse gases and other pollutants, but photovoltaic cells convert part of the solar energy into electricity, which changes the balance of surface energy. With the continuous expansion of the photovoltaic electric field, this change will inevitably affect the weather and climate in the local and surrounding areas.
The Gao Xiaoqing team of the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences supported the “863†project to conduct an empirical study on the climate and environmental effects of photovoltaic power stations for the first time in Gobi’s underlying surface of Golmud City, Qinghai Province, and quantitatively revealed the local climate and environment of photovoltaic power plants. effect.
The study found that photovoltaic power plants have a thermal insulation effect at night and a cooling effect during the day. Due to the presence of photovoltaic panels, the characteristics of the underlying surface of the Gobi were changed, and the apparent albedo inside and outside the station was significantly different. Although the photovoltaic power plant is a energy sink, because the photovoltaic array converts part of the radiant energy into electrical energy output, the surface temperature inside the station is lower than that outside the station. In winter, the temperature of the soil outside the station is obviously higher than that of the station, and the photovoltaic power station is a cold source. The thermal conductivity of the soil is higher in the station than outside the station, reflecting the fact that the soil moisture in the photovoltaic power plant is greater than that outside the station, and the photovoltaic power plant has a moisturizing effect on the soil. The monthly mean temperature of 2m above the station is due to the heat generated during the PV panel power generation. The monthly mean value of the 10m air temperature in the station is lower than that outside the station, indicating that the overall climate environment of the PV power plant has appeared at a height of 10m. The presence of the PV array reduced the relative humidity of the 2m air in the station and increased the 10m.
The study is conducive to the scientific assessment of the impact of photovoltaic power plants on the local climate, and has important guiding significance for the rational development of solar energy and the construction of photovoltaic power plant projects. The research results have strong practicability, and are also inseparable from regional economic and energy strategies and environmental protection, with obvious economic and social benefits.
The research project is subject to the National High-tech Research and Development Program ("863" Project) Project "PV Power Plant Power Forecasting Technology and Environment Relationship Research" (2011AA05A302) and the Important Direction Project of the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences "Development and Demonstration of Large-scale Photovoltaic Power Plant Power Forecasting Technology. "Climate-environment relations research" co-financing The research results are published in the Journal of Solar Energy.
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