Cotton flowering and bolling period refers to the key period from cotton flowering to boll opening period, from early July to late August, which is the key period to determine cotton production. According to the climate characteristics of this year, we should focus on the following key measures:
1. Reapply flowering and fertilizing, supplementing and applying topping flowering and bolling period is the period when cotton needs most fertilizer. If the lack of fertilizer not only affects the ringing, it will cause early decay. The amount, timing, and method of flowering hormone use are determined by climate, soil, and cotton growth. High-yield cotton fields with good growth and strong growth of cotton and cotton in the cotton flowering stage. When the cotton plant is sitting in the lower part of the cotton plant, the application can meet the demand of flowering and ringing without causing the growth of cotton plants; soil fertility is general, cotton seedlings If the growth is weak, the drought and drought conditions may be properly applied; the weak planting density of the dry field seedlings can be applied to the early flowering stage in advance to avoid premature aging or early maturity. The amount of fertilization: in the north, the application of nitrogen fertilizer is 15-20 kg of urea, accounting for about 60% of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer; in the south, the application of nitrogen and fertilizer should also be applied to 50%, 30%, and 26% of the fertilization amount. % General Fertilizer 15 kg of ternary compound fertilizer 20 kg of potassium chloride 15 kg. It is best to apply the flower bell fertilizer to a depth of 10 cm or less.
The topping fertilizer has the effect of preventing premature aging, preventing falling off, multi-ringing, and increasing the weight of the bell. The topping fertilizer should not be applied according to the ground force and the growth of the cotton plant. For late-maturing cotton and saline-alkali land and clay soils with strong stamina and strong cotton strength, less or no topping fertilizer should be applied to prevent gluttony and late maturity; for cotton fields with weak cotton land and cotton plants with premature aging trend Early application, more application of top fertilizer. Cover top fertilizer generally apply 3-5 kg ​​of urea to the north in the end of July and early August.
In the middle and late stages, the cotton roots' absorption capacity gradually weakens, and the early stage is often caused by insufficient nutrient supply. Foliar spray fertilizer can effectively supplement the nutrients and has a significant effect on increasing the bellling rate and increasing the boll weight to prevent premature aging. A cotton field with signs of premature aging can be sprayed with 1-2% aqueous urea solution; generally cotton fields and prosperous can be sprayed with 2-3% superphosphate leaching solution or 300-500 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate Solution. It is usually sprayed 2-3 times in the middle of August to the beginning of September.
2, watering and sputum flowering and bolling period is the period when the cotton needs the most water. In the northern cotton area, although it is in the rainy season, it often occurs in the drought and autumn hoist. Therefore, it is necessary to capture the cotton harvest and need drought resistance, and the drainage is reduced when the soil water holding capacity is reduced to 70. The following cotton plants grow slowly, the red stems rise rapidly, the leaves are dark, the green leaves at noon, the top leaves of the cotton plants are slightly sag, the drooping indicates that the water shortage should be timely watered and watered should not be too large to prevent the rain after pouring, and the drainage work should be done to prevent drainage. occur.
3, improve the cotton field pruning method Cotton has a variety of pruning methods No matter which method can be used as long as the use of appropriate, can achieve high yield, improve the key to the local conditions and scientific application.
In the flowering and belling period, there are many pruning buds, and the old leaves are used to hit the top of the group to make the top and the bottom. The main improvement measures: the leaves should not be premature. Generally, the old leaves should be used in the Shenglei period. The upper leaves and the upper leaves of the yellow leaves cannot be removed. This can increase the leaf area and enhance the light and effect. The topping time should be adjusted to the local conditions. Generally, the high-yield cotton fields with strong growth, low density and sufficient fertility can be postponed until July 25th. Simplify the topping time of pruning cultivation should be carried out in several stages when the dominant leaf branches grow 3 secondary fruit branches; the time of hitting the main stem should be earlier than the traditional pruning.
The topping time of pruning cultivation is not later than July 15th. The top of the main stem and the top of the leaf branch should be finished once and thoroughly.
For flowers that bloom too early, you can go to the early flower to remove the flowers or the early bells before July 5 to prevent the rotten bells.
4, cultivating loose soil cotton flowering period is high temperature and rainy season at this time by the high temperature and rain, often due to high soil water content and the lack of air roots to absorb water and fertilizer capacity is blocked, resulting in a large number of buds falling off so the flowering period must be timely cultivating Loose soil, but due to the weakening of root regeneration during flowering and bolling, the cultivating should be shallow.
5, the general control of high-yield fields on the basis of the control of the Shenglei period into the flowering and bolling period according to the growth of cotton for the second and third chemical control at this time due to high temperature and humidity, large cotton plants grow vigorously every time interval according to The climate and the growth of the cotton field are generally 10-15 days apart. The 1-3 grams (or 4-12 ml) of the cotton shoots are used to spray the top of the cotton plant and the top of the fruit branches. The last time the chemical control should be carried out 3 to 10 days after the topping, the top of the fruit branches grows 3 fruit nodes. At this time, the amount of aging of the branches and leaves should be increased by 3-5 grams.
6. Prevention and control of pests and diseases The main pests and diseases in the flowering and boll period mainly include blind mites, Fuxi, cotton bollworm, verticillium wilt, blight, red leaf stem blight, and bell plague.
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