Smart campus construction can be expected in the future

In November 2008, IBM officially proposed the concept of "Smart Earth". In January 2009, "Smart Earth" became part of the US national strategy. On August 7, 2009, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council instructed Wuxi to establish China’s “Perception of China” Center in Wuxi when it inspected in Wuxi. Based on this concept of "intelligence," the school, as the frontier of knowledge and information services, should seize the opportunity to create a smart campus through the systematic development and application of the Internet of Things.

Smart Campus is a way to change the mutual interaction between teachers, students, and campus resources through the combination of security technologies to increase the clarity, flexibility, and response speed of interactions so as to realize a smart service and management campus model. Specifically, the smart campus embeds and equips sensors into canteens, classrooms, libraries, water supply systems, laboratories, and other objects, and is universally connected to form a “security community” and then “security groups”. The existing Internet is integrated to realize the integration of teaching, life, and campus resources and systems.

For a long time, due to the lack of unified planning and leadership departments, the informationization of campuses has formed many application systems and information islands within each campus. These information islands have formed a stable data source, but each subsystem The data between them can not be fully shared, which is not conducive to providing unified data query and application services. The application foundation of the smart campus is to establish a unified data service platform, which requires the full integration and utilization of existing application systems and data. One of the core foundations for building a smart campus is the establishment of a data fusion platform. Its important role is to integrate data resources, unify information management, and provide convergent services. Because the data and information services involved in the smart campus project not only originate from the school business management department, but also from other entities related to school education and teaching. There are heterogeneous data sources and different management mechanisms between different entities. If there is no unified sharing mechanism, they cannot support converged services. Only building a unified, complete, shared, and standard data fusion platform can effectively support Smart campus construction work.

In the “12th Five-Year Plan” of informationization, Zhejiang University proposed to build an “inspiring” “smart campus”. This blueprint depicts: ubiquitous online learning, integration of innovative online research, transparent and efficient school administration, a colorful campus culture, and convenient campus life. In short, "To be a safe, stable, environmentally friendly, energy-efficient campus."

The smart campus features three core features of the smart campus: First, it provides a comprehensive intelligent perception environment and comprehensive information service platform for teachers and students, and provides personalized and personalized service based on roles. Second, it integrates information services based on computer networks. Each of the schools is used in the service field to realize interconnection and collaboration. The third is to provide an interface for mutual communication and mutual perception between the school and the external world through the intelligent sensing environment and integrated information service platform.

The smart campus has the function of being a prepaid "safe campus" and "digital campus". Many colleges and universities have built a campus monitoring system, distributed and developed a variety of information systems, making the campus's visual management and information construction have a long way to go. However, there are still deficiencies, such as the use of monitoring systems to improve the visual management of the campus to a certain extent. However, due to the single sensing method, there are many dead ends and excessive human involvement, resulting in security personnel seeing When it is visible, it is the blind zone when it is invisible, and it is far from the intelligence; the use of various information systems has increased the level of information, but there are still compatibility issues.

The basic principle of building a smart campus based on the Internet of Things technology is the perception, positioning and control of various objects on campus. Through the informatization of personnel, vehicles, materials, equipment, infrastructure, and other resources on campus, we will use the two-dimensional code technology, RFID technology, embedded technology, wireless sensor technology, satellite positioning, and other technical means to integrate campus resources. The objects that need to be sensed are identified; then the information identification devices such as tag readers, intelligent terminal devices, hand-held receiving terminals, and wireless sensors are used to identify the above-mentioned identification information to obtain the digital information of the perceptual object; through wired and wireless network technologies The information is transmitted to the processing center of the information processing center in a timely and accurate manner. After the received information is collected and integrated, it is transmitted to the campus command information system. The command information system performs comprehensive analysis and intelligence on the acquired information. Processing, so that the campus management departments, security units at all levels and other real-time grasp the detailed information of each perceived object, to provide the basis for the formation of correct decisions. The Internet of Things technology has greatly enhanced the awareness of campus objects, and the speed, accuracy, and scope of perception have been greatly improved. This cannot be replaced by other technologies.

(1) Visual management of personnel. Equipped with a management card for campus staff (can be combined with functions such as borrowing cards, meal cards, and bath cards to form a card, which can be read from a distance). Through the access control systems and the sensing points throughout the campus, you can achieve the affiliation 24 hours a day, the whole campus does not leave a dead end, automatic real-time perception and positioning. College security units, faculty counselors, and headteachers can learn about the status of their staff in real time through the smart campus management platform. With this card, it is also possible to implement day-to-day management of students and employees, electronic signing, and positioning, as well as effective management and control of students and employees' in-place and out-going situations, as well as visualized management of electronic names and intelligent check posts.

(2) Intelligent security measures. By affixing two-dimensional codes or embedded radio frequency cards to important data, confidential documents, office computers, and other devices that need to be kept confidential, they can perceive their locations in real time, prevent leakage of secrets when management is out of control, and ensure important documents, materials, and equipment. Confidential security management.

(3) Smart Library. Passive RFID tags are installed for library books to replace the original barcodes. By using bookshelf sensors or handheld smart terminals, the bookshelf where books are located can be quickly located for easy borrowing and management.

(4) Vehicle fine management. Through the installation of electronic tags, embedded sensors, and satellite positioning devices for campus vehicles, key equipment, etc., it enables accurate positioning and real-time tracking of vehicles and various equipment, and monitors their work through embedded smart sensors. State, good condition, etc. to achieve its fine management.

(5) Intelligent logistics support. Install electronic tags containing status information such as their model, type, and quantity for warehouses and materials, making distribution of logistics materials more intelligent and faster; equip turf with temperature and humidity sensors to make irrigation more reasonable; installing optical sensors for street lamps Energy saving.

(6) Electronic sentry post. Intelligent sensors are installed for finance, oil depots, and other key areas of the campus to provide 24-hour security checks. Once suspicious conditions are found, the sensor can automatically adjust the direction of the camera for video surveillance and send notifications or inspections to duty officers. Remind for timely processing.

(7) Smart Security. Through the cameras and sensory points in the important areas of the campus, people who are active in the campus can be automatically identified, and suspicious individuals who enter important areas can be monitored to ensure the safety of the campus.

The significance and value of the campus Internet of Things The application of the Internet of Things in smart campuses mainly includes campus life and teaching management.

Campus life includes canteen management, bathroom water control management, attendance management, and intelligent lighting control.

(1) Canteen Management Canteen management is an important part of a smart campus. The canteen management system based on RFID technology is divided into three parts: a meal card containing RFID tags: Each teacher and student has one such meal card. The card contains User Info. RFID readers: An RFID reader is placed in each canteen's dinner-sales window, and the information read is passed to the back-end database for reading, reading the amount on the card, and deducting the amount spent.

Background database management system: The user's registration information is stored in the database, which can facilitate administrators to query the canteen consumption business.

(2) Bathroom water control management Based on RFID technology, bathroom water control management can realize the automatic management of water use. The main functions are:

Real-time display of information data: When the RFID card is located in the reader sensing area, the reader displays the balance on the card, and then can immediately enter the water billing status.

Consumption mode: Consumption mode adopts real-time charging mode, that is, reading water on the card, and deducting charges according to the amount of water consumption in real time; the charging method: according to the used flow rate fee, that is, an external pulse flow rate table, which can be calculated according to the calculated flow rate. Billing.

(3) Attendance management Student attendance is an integral part of the school's daily teaching process. Regular attendance work is mainly undertaken by teachers, spending extra time and effort on teachers.

RFID-based attendance management workflow: Each time before class, students use a campus card (or mobile phone card) with an RFID tag to swipe into the classroom. After the equipment in the classroom receives the student's credit card record data sent by the reader, The data is sent to a remote server; after the remote server receives the data, the data is stored in the database; then, the academic staff or teachers log on to the attendance query website through the browser, and can remotely query a class or a student in real time. Or the attendance of a certain classroom during a certain period of time; at the end of the semester, the attendance of each course student or the attendance of a student during a semester can be automatically calculated.

(4) Intelligent Lighting Intelligent lighting is the use of Internet of Things technology to enable wireless networking of the campus lights so that each light can be remotely measured and remotely controlled. The lights of classrooms and roads receive commands from the control center, each of the feedback lights. In this state, the lighting brightness is automatically adjusted according to the light intensity and period. For example, intelligent control of classroom lighting, when the classroom light is relatively dark, the light automatically lights; when the light is strong, the light is automatically turned off, if you find no one in the classroom, you can remotely control the light switch.

Teaching management includes daily teaching, smart library and laboratory management, etc. (1) Daily teaching The use of IoT technology is conducive to the establishment of a comprehensive and active teaching management system. With the support of RFID technology, the organization and evaluation of teaching management can be improved. The assessment system will establish a guarantee and monitoring system for the quality of teaching; it will help expand the learning space and cultivate the learner’s ability to learn independently. The Internet of Things will provide a supportive environment for students’ independent learning and cooperative learning. For example, the Wuxi City Perceived Growing Campus digital agro-planting system allows students to "sense" the growth of plants and animals, use computers and networks to collect, process, and publish observational information, exchange planting experiences, and display research results, thereby improving students' science. Literacy.

(2) Smart Library The Smart Library implements intelligent services and management through the Internet of Things. Its ideal model is no manual service. At present, the application of the Internet of Things in libraries is mainly the application of RFID tags. The smart book car is used as an example to illustrate. The smart book car is a mobile RFID document return management device, which has the functions of query, positioning, bookshelf and smart navigation, etc. It can realize the functions of document racking information collection, document sorting, and new documents on shelves. The specific process: the book is picked up on the book car, the information stored in the RFID of the book is identified by the reader, the position of the document on the book car is recorded and displayed, and at the same time, the position of the work to be put on the shelf is required according to the obtained book storage rack information. Corresponding to the storage position of the corresponding book on the book cart, and displaying and guiding the specific shelf position of the book according to the location of the book library on the display screen of the book cart, it is convenient for the staff to carry out a high-efficiency return frame.

(3) Laboratory management The application of IoT in the laboratory mainly includes equipment management, experimental process management and smart sockets.

Equipment Management: The basic attributes of RFID storage lab equipment, such as the use of readers to easily obtain relevant information, and then use the network for unified management.

Experimental process management: First of all, RFID can help students easily access experimental procedures, operating points, use of help and other information. Secondly, in the course of the experiment, improper use can automatically warn and interrupt the experiment process and avoid unnecessary losses. In addition, experimental data can be collected in real time and provided to the experimenter in an appropriate manner to achieve digital, networked, and intelligent experiment teaching.

In addition to the traditional power socket function, the smart socket can provide real-time feedback of power consumption information of various laboratory equipments to the lab administrator. Administrators can switch sockets at any time to realize the dialogue between the socket and the human beings and play an efficient and energy-saving role.

The important application of security in the smart campus Video surveillance From the investment situation of the schools in various areas, regardless of the major, primary and secondary schools without exception, the campus has a certain number of monitoring systems, it can be said that the video surveillance system is the school security One of the most used and most popular systems. From the point of view of the role played, there are two main applications of the monitoring system on campus: one is used as security monitoring for campus security, and the monitoring points are mainly distributed in the school's main passages and important places (such as laboratories, computer centers, and finances). Etc., walls, entrances and exits of various buildings, etc. As one of the characteristics of the campus is the dense population and large area, especially the university campus, the area is large, the scale of construction is large, and the number of buildings is large. Accordingly, a large number of monitoring points are needed. This is also the security system of the surveillance system. One of the factors that account for the largest proportion of subsystems.

The large area and many buildings in colleges and universities make the application of security systems relatively complicated. The design of security systems is mostly multi-mode integrated application, multi-level network design, multi-power management, and multi-system integration platform. In terms of transmission, the combination of digital and analog is mostly used because the analog technology is more mature. From a practical point of view, school security equipment is vulnerable to environmental impacts, and construction is generally difficult. Campus monitoring equipment is mostly outdoors, and it is prone to electrical short-circuits in wet areas in the south, and it is prone to static electricity in dry places. In addition, some college buildings often have historical and cultural values ​​and do not allow destruction. Moreover, from an aesthetic point of view, they also need to maintain the original appearance of the campus as much as possible. This poses a certain degree of difficulty for security construction, so we can often see the road in colleges and universities. The ascending bracket that blends in with the environment has various types of camera equipment installed.

The other type is used for proctoring, teaching, and remote management. The examination room monitoring is a hot application that has risen in recent years. In addition, there is the application of “baby online” system in kindergartens. In terms of video transmission, most schools use existing campus networks to transmit video signals through the campus network to all levels of monitoring centers, and some schools, such as Guangzhou University City, because more monitoring points are laying their own fiber, but laying Optical fiber investment and construction are also difficult. Not every school can accept it.

The examination room monitoring has its own characteristics. For the examination room monitoring, most of the schools are networked, for example, we are very concerned about the monitoring of the college entrance examination. It is not an exaggeration to describe the promotion and application of the examination room monitoring system throughout the country with the phrase “it is like a night of spring breeze.” In addition, the examination room security will also use metal detectors, signal shielding equipment, etc., these will not say more.

The video monitoring and monitoring systems mainly include hemispherical cameras installed in offices, gun cameras installed in the corridors and entrances, and infrared low-light cameras installed in outdoor walls, usually used in classrooms and outdoor playgrounds 220 times. Integrated camera with indoor medium-sized pan/tilt/integrated ball-type pan/tilt cover for variable-speed integrated camera, rs485 bus transmitter for pan/tilt decoder control, operation needs, large-capacity storage needs, multi-user Remote access required, flexible expansion of industrial control DVRs, high-resolution monitor for monitoring of environmental conditions in classrooms, and professional high-resolution crt video walls for multi-screen switching and multi-screen display in surveillance rooms for multi-screen support, Multi-audio switching/line loop-through multi-channel audio/video matrix host for multi-channel audio signal splitters with two or more sub-multichannel functions and signal distribution only for picture division, ie A multi-screen splitter that displays multiple signal screens on one monitor at the same time, saves equipment costs for Party A, and reduces the space occupied by the equipment room. Used to cooperate with external authorized users to access the dvr host, or to connect to the large-capacity network switch of the Education Bureau. The power is sufficient, the power supply is regulated, and the output is pure. The centralized power supply is convenient to manage. The power is sufficient, the power is regulated, and the output is pure. , In the event of a power outage, the power supply is maintained for a certain period of time, such as an online ups uninterruptible power supply.

Intrusion alarm system The intrusion alarm system mainly includes infrared intrusion detectors, which are usually used in offices and computer labs. They are usually used for multi-beam infrared radiation detectors on the perimeter of perimeter fences and some passageways. They are usually used for magnetic sensors in offices and computer rooms. , Rui Siguang light for alarm signal linkage, alarm sound and light alarm used for alarm prompts, used to interlock external devices such as the relay module to close the door, for the alarm host dial dial notification management personnel dialer, All front-end detectors are programmed to control the alarm control host.

Anti-theft alarm device is the most practical and basic part of campus security. It can allow teachers to contact with the outside world in an accident, and get assistance. Therefore, some cities in Beijing and other cities use it as an essential security device. From the scope of installation, anti-theft alarm devices are mainly distributed in key areas such as school walls, classrooms, financial rooms, and chemical laboratories. In places where safety accidents are frequent, such as at gates, entrances to student dormitories, bicycle storage areas, school financial offices, etc., alarms can be quickly connected to the school's security office and the nearby 110 police station when an accident occurs. Once the school is in distress, School duty officers can manually activate the alarm. Get help in the first place and avoid more tragedies. At the same time, due to the strong curiosity and poor self-control ability of primary and secondary school students, the alarm system should be designed and installed to avoid “prank” type alarms.

License Plate Recognition - The parents of the school's e-police picking up children know that vehicles entering and leaving the school must be registered, eliminating the need for trouble on the smart campus, but this does not mean that it is not safe, but rather safer. Now.

Because the license plate recognition system is like a lot of electronic eyes, it can capture and register vehicles in and out of the incoming and outgoing video data 24 hours a day, but it is more advanced that it can set a good black and white list according to the direction of entry and exit of the vehicle and the system. The decision should not put this car into the campus. Moreover, system center data is updated at any time. You can clearly see how many vehicles are on campus. When they enter the campus, they not only improve the quality and efficiency of the management staff, but also increase the safety of the campus.

Visitor System--Improve management quality and efficiency Both the entry and the exit must be registered. However, they were previously completed manually. In the smart campus, the intelligent visitor system will replace the security to check the ID, register, and record the departure time. Persons who come to visit the school only need to hold the ID card and press it on the electronic identifier, and the visitor information can be instantly obtained, and a visitor list can be issued, which greatly speeds up the registration and departure process of visitors.

The construction of a smart campus is a long-term, complex and arduous system project, and it is also a process of development and change. To develop a scientific, reasonable, and operational information plan, there are many dimensions that need attention. First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the diversified stakeholders in the university and to understand different needs from different levels of stakeholders and to integrate them rationally. The early university information construction centered on the needs of managers and ignored the safety and needs of the university’s core stakeholders—teachers and students. Smart campus construction should form an effective organizational structure for planning and implementation, and fully integrate the resources of information construction to ensure scientific planning, reasonable change, and efficient implementation of the plan.